🌊 Ocean Acidification

CO₂ Absorption · Carbonate Chemistry · Coral Bleaching · pH Decline

Scenarios

Atmospheric CO₂ — 420 ppm Sea Surface Temperature — 15 °C Salinity — 35 PSU

Chemistry

Ocean pH8.10

pH change since 1750−0.00

[H⁺] (nmol/L)7.9

Aragonite Ω3.4

Coral statusHealthy

pH scale (0 = acid → 14 = alkaline)

0714

Pre-industrial oceans had pH ≈ 8.18. Since industrialisation, CO₂ dissolution has dropped average ocean pH to ~8.08 — a 26% increase in [H⁺]. Aragonite saturation below 1 means coral skeletons dissolve.