💥 Solid Body Fracture — Voronoi Impact
Click anywhere on the solid to strike it with an impactor. The object shatters along Voronoi cell boundaries — the natural way to partition space into nearest-seed regions — and each fragment flies away carrying the impulse from the impact point. The technique (pre-fracture using Voronoi + rigid-body dynamics) is the industry standard for real-time destruction in video games and visual effects.
Setup
Shape & Material
Controls
Click on solid to fracture
Stats
1. Generate N seeds
2. Assign each pixel to nearest seed
3. Extract cell polygons
4. On impact: apply outward impulse ∝ 1/r²
5. Fragment RBD step
Physics of Brittle Fracture
Brittle fracture occurs when the local stress intensity factor K exceeds the material's fracture toughness KIc. Cracks propagate along paths of maximum tensile stress, releasing stored elastic strain energy. The Griffith criterion states that a crack of length 2a grows when σ ≥ √(2Eγ / πa), where γ is the surface energy. Voronoi pre-fracture gives statistically isotropic crack patterns that mimic random microstructural grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials.